Body Movements

Key Notes :

Basic Structure of the Human Body

• Skeleton: Provides support and structure. Composed of bones and cartilage.

• Muscles: Allow movement by contracting and relaxing. They work with bones to enable motion.

• Joints: The points where two or more bones meet. They allow for various types of movements.

Types of Joints and Movements

• Hinge Joints: Allow movement in one direction, like a door. Examples: elbow, knee.
• Ball-and-Socket Joints: Allow for rotational movement and movement in many directions. Examples: shoulder, hip.
• Pivot Joints: Allow rotation around a single axis. Example: neck (between the first and second vertebrae).
• Gliding Joints: Allow bones to slide past each other. Example: wrists and ankles.

Major Muscle Groups

• Arm Muscles: Biceps (front of the upper arm) and triceps (back of the upper arm).

• Leg Muscles: Quadriceps (front of the thigh) and hamstrings (back of the thigh).

• Core Muscles: Include the abdominal muscles and lower back muscles, which support the trunk.

Movement Types

• Flexion: Bending a joint to decrease the angle between bones (e.g., bending the elbow).
• Extension: Straightening a joint to increase the angle between bones (e.g., straightening the elbow).
• Abduction: Moving a limb away from the body (e.g., raising the arm sideways).
• Adduction: Moving a limb toward the body (e.g., lowering the arm to the side).
• Rotation: Moving a body part around its axis (e.g., turning the head).

Importance of Movement

• Health: Regular movement and exercise are important for maintaining healthy muscles, bones, and joints.
• Coordination: Proper movement helps with balance and coordination, crucial for everyday activities.

Common Injuries and Prevention

• Strains and Sprains: Often caused by overstretching or overusing muscles and joints.

• Prevention: Warming up before exercise, using proper techniques, and wearing appropriate protective gear.

Let’s practice!