Deficiency Diseases

Key Notes :

What are Deficiency Diseases?

• Deficiency diseases occur when the body does not get enough essential nutrients (vitamins, minerals, proteins, etc.).
• These nutrients are required for the proper functioning of the body, and their lack can cause various health problems.

Causes of Deficiency Diseases

• Poor diet lacking in essential nutrients.
• Malabsorption due to digestive disorders.
• Lack of access to nutritious food.

Types of Nutrient Deficiencies

• Vitamin Deficiency: Lack of essential vitamins like Vitamin A, B, C, D, E, and K.

• Mineral Deficiency: Lack of minerals such as iron, calcium, iodine, and zinc.

• Protein Deficiency: Insufficient intake of proteins, leading to problems like stunted growth.

Examples of Deficiency Diseases

• Vitamin A Deficiency: Can lead to night blindness and dry skin.

• Vitamin C Deficiency: Causes scurvy, leading to bleeding gums and weakness.

• Vitamin D Deficiency: Causes rickets in children, leading to soft and weak bones.

• Iron Deficiency: Leads to anemia, causing fatigue and weakness.

• Calcium Deficiency: Can cause osteoporosis, making bones fragile and weak.

Symptoms of Deficiency Diseases

• Fatigue, weakness, frequent illnesses.
• Poor growth, bone deformities, and dental problems.
• Skin issues, hair loss, and slow healing of wounds.

Prevention of Deficiency Diseases

• Eating a balanced diet with a variety of foods including fruits, vegetables, dairy, and proteins.
• Taking supplements if required, especially in cases of known nutrient deficiency.
• Fortified foods, like iodized salt and fortified cereals, help prevent deficiencies.

Treatment

• Dietary adjustments to include the missing nutrient.
• Supplements or fortified foods may be recommended by a doctor.
• Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent long-term health issues.

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