Electric Conductors and Insulators

Key Notes :

Electric Conductors:

  1. Definition: Materials that allow electricity to flow through them easily are called conductors.
  2. Examples: Metals like copper, aluminum, silver, and gold are good conductors.
  3. Properties:
    • They have free electrons that move easily.
    • They allow electricity to pass through without much resistance.
  4. Applications:
    • Wires and cables in electrical circuits use conductors.
    • Electrical appliances like fans, lights, and computers use conductors for efficient energy flow.

Electric Insulators:

  1. Definition: Materials that do not allow electricity to flow through them easily are called insulators.
  2. Examples: Rubber, plastic, wood, glass, and ceramics are good insulators.
  3. Properties:
    • They do not have free electrons to carry electrical current.
    • They prevent electric shock by blocking the flow of electricity.
  4. Applications:
    • Electric wires are often covered with plastic or rubber to prevent electrical leakage.
    • Handles of electrical tools are made of insulating materials for safety.

Difference between Conductors and Insulators:

Summary:

  • Conductors: Materials that conduct electricity (e.g., metals like copper).
  • Insulators: Materials that block electricity (e.g., rubber, plastic).
  • Insulators are used to prevent accidents and ensure the safe use of electricity. Conductors are essential for transferring electricity in electrical devices.

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