An Electric Circuit
Key Notes :
Definition of an Electric Circuit:
- An electric circuit is a closed path through which electric current flows.
- It consists of a power source, connecting wires, and other components like bulbs or switches.
Components of an Electric Circuit:
- Power Source: Provides energy for the current, e.g., a battery or cell.
- Conducting Wires: Made of materials like copper to carry current.
- Load: A device that uses electricity, like a bulb or motor.
- Switch: Used to control the circuit by opening or closing it.
Types of Circuits:
- Open Circuit: The path is broken, and electricity does not flow.
- Closed Circuit: The path is complete, and electricity flows.
- Series Circuit: All components are connected in a single path. If one part fails, the entire circuit stops working.
- Parallel Circuit: Components are connected on multiple paths. If one path fails, others continue working.
Flow of Electric Current:
- Current flows from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of the battery through the circuit.
Conductors and Insulators:
- Conductors: Materials that allow current to flow easily, e.g., metals like copper and aluminum.
- Insulators: Materials that do not allow current to flow, e.g., rubber, plastic, and wood.
Simple Circuit:
- A basic circuit can be made with a cell, wires, a bulb, and a switch.
Safety Precautions:
- Never touch electrical circuits with wet hands.
- Use proper insulation to avoid shocks.
- Always turn off power when working with circuits.
Applications of Electric Circuits:
- Used in household appliances, lighting, electronic devices, and vehicles.
Let’s practice!
