Electric Cell

Key Notes :

Definition:

An electric cell is a device that produces electric energy by converting chemical energy into electrical energy.

Components of an Electric Cell:

• Positive Terminal: The metal cap on the top of the cell.
• Negative Terminal: The metal base at the bottom of the cell.
• Chemical Material: Inside the cell, chemicals react to produce electricity.

Types of Electric Cells:

• Primary Cell: Cannot be recharged (e.g., dry cell).
• Secondary Cell: Can be recharged (e.g., lithium-ion battery).

Uses of Electric Cells:

• Powering small devices like torches, clocks, remote controls, toys, and cameras.

Structure of a Dry Cell (common type of electric cell):

• Outer Covering: Zinc casing acts as the negative terminal.
• Inner Paste: Contains a mixture of chemicals like manganese dioxide and ammonium chloride.
• Graphite Rod: Acts as the positive terminal.

How Electric Cells Work:

• The chemical reaction inside the cell creates a flow of electrons.
• This flow generates electricity, which powers devices when connected in a circuit.

Advantages of Electric Cells:

• Portable and convenient to use.
• Easily available and replaceable.

Limitations of Electric Cells:

• Can run out of energy and need to be replaced.
• Leakage of chemicals can damage devices.
• Non-rechargeable types are not environmentally friendly.

Connecting Electric Cells:

• Cells can be connected in series to increase voltage or in parallel to increase current.

Safety Tips:

• Avoid short-circuiting the terminals.
• Dispose of used cells responsibly to prevent environmental harm.

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