Form and use plurals of nouns ending in f, fe, o and y

Key Notes:

📝 Forming Plurals of Special Nouns

Some nouns do not follow the simple rule of adding -s. Let’s learn the rules for nouns ending in f, fe, o, and y! 🌟

Nouns Ending in -f or -fe

Most nouns ending in -f or -fe change f → v and add -es.

Singular 🐶	Plural 🐾	Rule
leaf 🍃	leaves 🍂	f → v + es
wolf 🐺	wolves 🐺🐺	f → v + es
knife 🔪	knives 🔪🔪	fe → ves
life 🌱	lives 🌱🌱	fe → ves

Exceptions:

• Some just add -s: roof → roofs, chef → chefs. 🏠👨‍🍳

Nouns Ending in -o

Some nouns ending in -o add -es.

Others just add -s.

Singular 🏀	Plural ⚽	Rule
potato 🥔	potatoes 🥔🥔	add -es
tomato 🍅	tomatoes 🍅🍅	add -es
photo 📸	photos 📸📸	add -s
piano 🎹	pianos 🎹🎹	add -s

Tip: Most musical instruments just add -s 🎼.

Nouns Ending in -y

If a noun ends in a consonant + y, change y → i and add -es.

If it ends in a vowel + y, just add -s.

Singular 🐝	Plural 🐝🐝	Rule
baby 👶	babies 👶👶	consonant + y → ies
city 🏙️	cities 🏙️🏙️	consonant + y → ies
boy 👦	boys 👦👦	vowel + y → s
toy 🧸	toys 🧸🧸	vowel + y → s

Quick ✅ Tips for Using These Plurals:

• Always look at the last letter of the singular noun. 🔍
• Check for exceptions – some nouns just add -s! ⚠️
• Use plural nouns when talking about more than one thing.

🌈 Fun Memory Trick:

• F/FE → VES (leaf → leaves)
• O → ES (potato → potatoes)
• Y → IES (baby → babies)

Let’s practice!✒️