Form and use comparative and superlative adjectives

Key Notes :

1. What Are Adjectives?

• Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns (e.g., happy, tall, small, beautiful).

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2. Comparative Adjectives

• Purpose: Used to compare two things or people.
• How to Form:
  • For short adjectives (usually one syllable), add -er (e.g., taller, shorter).
  • For adjectives ending in -y, change the y to -ier (e.g., happier, busier).
  • For long adjectives (two or more syllables), use more or less before the adjective (e.g., more beautiful, less expensive).
• Examples:
  • “She is taller than him.”
  • “This test is harder than the last one.”

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3. Superlative Adjectives

• Purpose: Used to compare three or more things or people, showing the highest or lowest degree.
• How to Form:
  • For short adjectives (usually one syllable), add -est (e.g., tallest, shortest).
  • For adjectives ending in -y, change the y to -iest (e.g., happiest, busiest).
  • For long adjectives, use most or least before the adjective (e.g., most beautiful, least expensive).
• Examples:
  • “She is the tallest in the class.”
  • “This is the most difficult problem.”

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4. Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives

• Some adjectives do not follow the regular rules and change completely.
  • Good → Better (comparative), Best (superlative).
  • Bad → Worse (comparative), Worst (superlative).
  • Far → Farther (comparative), Farthest (superlative).
  • Little → Less (comparative), Least (superlative).

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5. Examples and Practice

• Comparative: “My dog is friendlier than your dog.”
• Superlative: “This is the oldest tree in the park.”
• Students can practice by comparing objects, people, or places in their environment.

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6. Important Notes

• Be careful not to mix up comparative (two things) and superlative (three or more things) forms.
• The “most” and “least” forms work only with adjectives of two or more syllables (e.g., more comfortable, less expensive).

Let’s practice!🖊️